Endocrine Abstracts

The term polyglandular autoimmune syndrome (PAS) is used when there is a dysfunction of two or more endocrine glands associated with circulating antibodies directed at organspecific included glands. Neufeld and Blizzard classified PAS into two categories: type I and type II with the newly added category, type III, which does not include the adrenal cortex. PAS III includes several autoimmune diseases (autoimmune thyroiditis, immune-mediated diabetes mellitus, pernicious anemia...

Craniopharyngiomas are rare tumors that in a high percentage of patients leads to damage of periventricular nucleus and suprachiasmatic nucleus, what leads to the development of hypothalamic obesity. Hypotalamic obesity is associated with numerous metabolic disorders. Regardless of the numerous studies of new therapeutic approaches, there is still no official approved effective (phramacological or bariatric) treatment for hypotalamic obesity. Liraglutide is an GLP-1 analogue t...

B-pancreatic cells are programmed to react to plasma glucose level with insulin secretion. Insulin secretion is precisely regulated and in the physiological conditions fasting glucose levels are maintained in the range 3.5–5.5 mmol/l. In hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia, a disorder of the regulation of insulin secretion, insulin secretion continues at low concentrations of plasma glucose. In adults hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia is the cause of 0.5 to 5.0% of hypoglicaemias a...

Pheochromocytomas are rare chromafin, catecholamine-producing neuroendocrine tumors that arise from the adrenal medulla. Nearly half of these tumors are presented as an unexplained death and autopsy reports indicate higher incidence than it is proposed. We report the case of patient with pheochromocytoma treated only with minimal dose prazosin for twelve years. The operation was cancelled twice, on the day of surgery because the patient was not prepared with alpha-blockers and...

Background: The partial or complete hypopituitarism is described as late complication of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS). Imaging methods of pituitary gland examination in the chronic phase showed pituitary atrophy, but a precise pathogenic mechanism that causes pituitary damage in HRFS remains unclear. While hypopituitarism in HFRS is rarely described, cardiac failure as a known complication of hypopituitarism is even more rarely described. We present a case of s...

Introduction: Secondary failure (SF) to treatment with oral therapy is defined as the absence of a favorable reaction to the oral therapy which was effective in the previous course of the treatment. The aim of the work was to investigate the acute effects of the short-term insulin therapy on the secretory ability of endocrine pancreatic beta cells and the insulin resistance. Materials and Methods: 98 patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM T2) and confirmed the SF to the or...

Introduction: Clinical assessment of atherosclerotic complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) was diverted to the detection of subclinical form of atherosclerosis using the non-invasive diagnostic methods. Surrogate markers of subclinical atherosclerosis are carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and albuminuria. The aim of this study was to analyze a relationship between the presence of albuminuria and carotid IMT in patients with type 2 DM and silent ischemia.<p clas...

Septooptic dysplasia is a clinically heterogeneous disorder characterized by optic nerve hypoplasia, pituitary hormone abnormalities and midline brain defects.clinical diagnosis requires the presence of at least two of the features of the classical triad. Here is male presented on endocrinology consult for the first time at the age of thirthy five. On clinical examination height and weight were normal, face hypogonadal, sparced facial and body hair, testicle hypotrophy, normoc...

Background: The partial or complete hypopituitarism is described as late complication of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS). Imaging methods of pituitary gland examination in the chronic phase showed pituitary atrophy, but a precise pathogenic mechanism that causes pituitary damage in HRFS remains unclear. While hypopituitarism in HFRS is rarely described, cardiac failure as a known complication of hypopituitarism is even more rarely described. We present a case of s...